Mechanical property assessment of tissue-mimicking phantoms using remote palpation and optical read-out for amplitude of vibration and refractive index modulation
A coherent light beam is used to interrogate the focal region within a tissue-mimicking phantom insonified by an ultrasound transducer. The ultrasound-tagged photons exiting from the object carry with...
Mirror slides for high-sensitivity cell and tissue fluorescence imaging
Fluorescence microscopy has become the method of choice in the majority of life-science applications. We describe development and use of mirror slides to significantly enhance the fluorescence signal ...
Glaucomarepresents the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. While bothage and intraocular pressure (IOP) are well-recognized risk factors forthis disease, the underlying pathologic process involves the accelerated deathof retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that is associated with progressiveloss of vision. The loss of RGCs has been postulatedto occur primarily by injury to axons in the opticnerve head (ONH) due to its anatomic features and themechanical vulnerability of the lamina cribrosa, the specialized ONH zonecomprised of collagen beams that define the channels or poresthrough which axon bundles exit the eye. Recent advances inmultiphoton microscopy using femtosecond lasers that generate second harmonic (SH)signals from collagen allows for direct optical imaging of thelamina cribrosa. We assess the application of SH generated microscopy(SHG) to the study of the ONH, and test thegeneral hypothesis that increasing intraocular pressure in the same eyeresults in the movement of ONH collagen beams leading todistortion of the lamina cribrosa channels and compression of theaxon bundles.
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